Adjust the microscope’s focus using the upper and lower dials.

The focus cannot be adjusted any other way.

 

However, as magnification increases, making fine adjustments becomes difficult.

In that case, use the fine-tuning adjustment type shown above.

Even after adjusting the focus, the following phenomenon may still occur.

 

■Blur surroundings

However, as magnification increases, making fine adjustments becomes difficult.

In that case, use the fine-tuning adjustment type shown above.

Even after adjusting the focus, the following phenomenon may still occur.

 

 

■Aberrations

As you increase magnification, edges become less clear and the entire image begins to look blurry.

 

Lowest magnification of our TG lens (X0.7)

 

Maximum magnification of our TG lens (X4.5)

Distance from the surface of the object to the end of the lens on the object side. A space where you can work. If light leaks out of the lens, W.D. will be narrower.

 

1．Overview of depth of focus/imaging depth of field

In a regular lens, only one point is completely in focus.

(Special lenses for precision measurements such as telecentric lenses are excluded)

There are areas that are less out of focus before and after the point that is perfectly in focus.

This is called depth of field.

If you move away from a point that is completely in focus, the point will gradually become blurred.

By narrowing the optical path, you can reduce the level of blur.

However, because the image becomes darker when stopped down, it cannot be used with very high magnification lenses.

2．Depth of focus/depth of field of the microscope

 

Pictured below is our full-aperture microscope, the MS200PC3 (20-110x).

Using a microscope with this aperture, we will compare the images when the lens is wide open and when the lens is closed.

(Reduce aperture to increase depth of field.)

Tilt the 0.5mm pitch glass scale at 45 degrees and observe it from above.

 

(1) Depth of focus/depth of field at 50x

＜When opening the aperture＞	＜When narrowed to maximum＞

How much focus there is depends on each individual

Since it is tilted at 45 degrees, multiplying by 1/1.41 gives the depth of stroke.

If you judge 4 steps (= 2 mm) to be correct then the depth of field is 2 mm x (1/1.41) = 1.42 mm.

Tilt the board at a 45 degree angle and observe it at 50x magnification.

(1.6 mm x 0.8 mm electronic components are spaced 1 mm apart.)

 

 

<When opening the aperture>	<When narrowed to maximum>

As reference, I also confirmed at 100x.
Because of the high magnification, the glass scale was changed to a distance of 0.2mm.

 

<When opening the aperture>	<When narrowed to maximum>

Please note that if you close the aperture, the lens will become darker and the resolution will decrease.

3．Depth of focus/technique to increase depth of field

◆Explanation: About the focal depth/depth of field of the lens

 

Before introducing this trick, I want to explain the lens’s depth of focus.

Depth of focus is also expressed in DOF (Depth of Focuse).

Case in air（N＝１）

DOF＝(0.55/(2×NA²))+(1/M×K/NA)

Formula explanation)

 

• The first item is “an item defined by resolution.”
• The second item “K” is “a constant determined by the resolution of the observer’s eye” and varies from person to person.
• “M” is the “overall magnification of the lens”.

What we can say from this is that the only way to increase depth of focus is to decrease magnification or decrease NA.

At the same magnification, the only option is to reduce NA.

 

The photos below are from the same manufacturer and product line, with the megapixel-compatible lens on the left and the lower-resolution all-purpose lens on the right.

When comparing lenses with the same magnification and focal length, general purpose lenses have a deeper depth of focus.

The only way to reduce NA with the same lens is to narrow the aperture.

If the lenses are different and the magnification is the same, the longer the focal length, the lower the NA, and the deeper the depth of focus.

◆Introduction to tips: “Aperture” and “Digital Zoom”

However, because both “aperture” and “digital zoom” tend to reduce resolution, we recommend using a 4K (8 million pixel) camera and a lens with equivalent high resolution. response.

 

I attached a 10 million pixel compatible 50mm lens to a 4K (8 million pixel) camera and attached a close-up ring for 50x macro photography for comparison.

 

 

Take a photo of the same board as above under the same conditions.

(1) AT 50X, ADJUST DEPTH OF FOCUS/DEPTH OF FIELD JUST BY CHANGING LENS APERTURE

 

<When opening the aperture>	<When narrowed to maximum>

(2) After adjusting the digital magnification to 50x, adjust the depth of focus/depth of field using the lens aperture.

<When opening the aperture>	<When narrowed to maximum>

(3) Benefits when using the procedure

Since it uses a fixed focus lens, zoom is not possible.

However, unlike macro zoom lenses, the working distance is not fixed, so there is flexibility in terms of W.D. longer, shrinking the system and nuances of depth of field.

Depending on lens selection, any (fixed) magnification can be set from 5x to 50x.

4．Conclude

The area in front and behind a point that is completely in focus and slightly out of focus is called depth of field.

How realistic it is depends on each individual.

By using a combination of “aperture” and  “digital zoom”, a deep depth of focus/depth of field can be achieved even with a simple microscope built with a lens fixed focal length.

 

 

Our Z500CS coaxial illumination USB microscope comes with a 1.5x auxiliary lens as standard.

 

This time, we tried to observe the metal parts of the USB memory.

 

 

 

Observe with 1.5x secondary lens (basic specifications)   Focal length, magnification and field of view are: ・Focal length: 52mm ・Visibility range(at 65x): 5.2mmx3.9mm ・Visibility range(at 390x): 0.8mmx0 .6mm

 

Seen like this at 65x   Seen like this at 390x

 

 

If you want to observe at low magnification, remove this 1.5x auxiliary lens to reduce magnification.

 

Remove the 1.5x secondary lens. Focal length, magnification and field of view at this time are: ・Focal length: 95mm ・Visibility range (at 45x): 8.0mmx6.0mm ・Visibility range(at 270x): 1.2mmx0.9mm

 

Seen like this at 45x   Seen like this at 270x

 

 

If you want to observe at even lower magnification, attach the 0.75x auxiliary lens to reduce the magnification.

 

Attach the 0.75x auxiliary lens At this point, the focal length, magnification, and field of view are: ・Focal length: 113mm ・Visibility range (at 35x): 11.3mmx8.5mm ・Visibility range (at 210x): 1.7mmx1.2mm

 

Seen like this at 35x   Seen like this at 210x

In this way, the minimum magnification of 35x (0.75x) cannot be used because the coaxial illumination becomes unbalanced.

Therefore, the lowest practical magnification is to remove the standard 1.5x auxiliary lens and observe at a minimum 45x magnification.

 

 

For details about the “coaxial illumination USB microscope” and “0.75x auxiliary lens” used this time, please see the product page below.

 

Z500CSLT coaxial illumination USB microscope

 

0.75x auxiliary lens (for FZ/SDS-FZR series microscopes) Z-0.75

Gamma is

 

 

 1. Color contrast can be adjusted.

 

 

2. Can reduce reflection and black discoloration.

 

Comparison at 1400x (X5) is near the highest magnification of the NSH lens

■Features of Lens

When using extremely high magnification lenses (over 1000x), the difference in lens performance becomes apparent near maximum magnification.

・Blurred edges (aberration)

・Color fading (chromatic aberration)

 

Depending on the subject, edge blur (aberration) and color blur (chromatic aberration) can have a significant effect on appearance.
→If this level is reduced to the maximum, the lens price will increase significantly.
→On the other hand, depending on the subject, costs can be significantly reduced.

■Examples have little impact

When examining samples on silicon wafers, the edges may be slightly blurred but are still fully visible. (Photo below)

Lens used: NSH Lens (multi-purpose lens)

 

 

Lens used: USH Lens (high resolution lens)

■Examples have many influences

Edge blurring and chromatic aberrations are also present. Although the presence or absence of foreign objects can be determined, detailed observations cannot be made.

Lens used: NSH Lens (multi-purpose lens)

 

Lens used: USH Lens (high resolution lens)

We have two simple propose that allow you to slide the object and easily bring the four corners into the field of view of the microscope.

 

■ Propose 1:

Here, we use a material that is softer and more slippery than aluminum.
(Example) Polyacetal (material used for oil-free gears, etc.), etc.

 

 

 

■Propose 2:

 

Use XY slide table

 

Attach the polarizing filter mounting unit manufactured by our company to the light emitting side.

 

 

The light input side uses his MIDOPT polarizing filter (attached inside the C-mount).

(It will be attached inside the camera as shown below.)

 

 

The filter on the light emitting side can be rotated, allowing polarized light observation.

There are various types of monoculars.
Some have removable eyepiece lenses, while others cannot.

■If the eyepiece lens cannot be removed
When the eyepiece diameter is φ30mm to φ32mm and made of hard material such as resin

 

 

You can attach a camera by connecting an adapter lens like the one below to the eyepiece part.

 

 

	Variable magnification camera adapter lens BA-A1835
	Camera adapter lens BA-A35

 

■When the eyepiece lens can be removed
When the inner diameter of the straight cylinder after removing the eyepiece is 23.2 mm (JIS standard)

 

 

You can connect a C-mount camera by removing the eyepiece and inserting a relay lens in its place as shown below.

 

■RECORDER

A device that can record images from before an event occurs is called a skipback recorder.

The images below can be saved before and after an external trigger signal is input.
You can also extract the images you need as still images.

 

 

■USB CAMERA + SOFTWARE

 

Also, if you can use a PC without using such equipment, you can record videos before and after the trigger occurs by using a USB camera or GigE camera and equipment monitoring drive recorder software.

 

We have a track record of manufacturing custom-made stands such as the ones below.

 

 

 

It is a manual type, but an electric type is also available.

 

 

 

It is large enough to fit A4 size paper.

 

 

 

 

 

You can observe every corner of the table.

 

You can create deep pockets by creating a structure like the one above.

Various types of glass scales are also available.

The photo below is of Shodensha’s glass scale.

Calibration glass scale GS-4SQ

 

 

When calibrating our microscope, the grid type is easier to adjust than the cross display. Furthermore, it would be convenient to have several square sizes to suit various magnifications.

The glass scale mentioned above is perfect for this purpose.

There is a way to use white V-shaped blocks.

 

I tried observing a metal cylinder using a V-shaped block. (Uses a white resin V-shaped block)
<Observation on a white background> Simple reflected light causes halation.	<Observation using V-shaped block> By using V-block Illumination from the side is also provided.

 

 

The size of the V-shaped block is 80mm x 50mm x 30mm

 

Normally, if you want to fix the monitor, attach a monitor fixing stay (optional).

 

 

Then you can use it as shown in the picture below.

 

 

At this time, there is another useful accessory.

 

 

Attach this to the monitor stay.

 

 

This allows you to angle your monitor.

 

Ẻ

Although it is a product from another company, there is a way to turn a small digital camera into a handy microscope.

Since it is a battery-powered light, it does not require an outlet and has the following advantages:

(1) You can take it outside

(2) You can use your small digital camera.

To increase the depth of field, there are two typical methods below

(1) Increase depth of field.

(2) Narrow the optical path

 

This time we will explain about (1)

■Relationship between depth of field and operating distance

Below is a table of specifications for lenses from the same manufacturer, same series, and same magnification (X4).

W.D. The longer it is, the deeper the depth of field.

 

 

 

■Measure the actual depth of field thanks to the difference in operating distance

Tilt the 0.2mm pitch glass scale at 45° and observe it from above.
Comparative shooting with lenses from the same manufacturer and lens series with different operating distances.

 

 

 

 

(1) Observe with x6 optical magnification lens with operating distance of 40mm

 

 

If we judge that the focus is on a scale (0.2 mm), then the depth of field is 0.2 mm x (1/1.41) = 0.14 mm.

 

 

(2) Confirm with a lens with optical magnification X6 and operating distance of 110mm

 

 

If we judge that the focus is on two scales (0.4 mm), then the depth of field is 0.4 mm x (1/1.41) = 0.28 mm.

 

When using a digital camera to photograph paper materials, books, or other three-dimensional objects that cannot be copied, it is convenient to have a copy stand.

There are various sizes and prices on the market, but the ones below are relatively affordable and allow you to take photos up to A4 size.
The size is 450x450mm and the pillar height is 550mm.

 

 

We also provide stands and lights that can be used like pseudo-copy stands that allow you to observe A4 size documents exactly.

 

 

 

When using a handheld microscope, there are 3 following vital notes: 

1. Display speed

When taking pictures with a handle microscope, the screen inevitably shakes.
If the display speed is slow, the “shaking” phenomenon will not stop.

2. Power source

A microscope needs two power sources: the camera and the light source.
Dedicated machines may be provided with a USB port.

3. Adjust brightness

Since one hand is busy, I think it would be easier to use if there was an automatic exposure mode.

DinoLight products are available as special handheld machines with a wide range of products and low prices.

 

 

Depending on the combination, some of our products can also be used as hand tools (Since this is a combination product, it is not listed in the catalog as a set, so please contact us.)

・1.3 million pixel USB3.0 camera (global shutter USB3.0 camera with fast display speed)
・Low magnification SG2 lens (small, small diameter lens for ergonomic users) 
・16-light ring light (can be directly connected to the lens and powered by a PC USB port)

 

Dimensions as shown below

 

 

Both the camera and light can be powered from a PC. (No separate power supply required.)

 

 

Because lens are so small and narrow, the zoom ratio is not wide.

 

● Issues with Automated Visual Inspection

In recent times, many users have incorporated automated visual inspection using image-based methods.

• Pixel-check type automated visual inspection,
• Pattern-check type automated visual inspection
• Automated visual inspection with AI embedded in the above types.

While there are various methods, some users encounter challenges where the automated visual inspection fails to detect and overlooks instances marked as “NG” (Not Good). Upon investigation, it is often found that the NG elements are not clearly visible in the inspection images.

● Necessity of Image Processing

In such cases, reconsideration and reconstruction of hardware elements such as:

• Camera resolution
• Camera performance
• Lens performance and magnification
• Illumination methods are often required. However, even after revising the hardware, successful detection can be challenging.

As mentioned earlier, the fundamental principle is that even humans, software, or AI cannot detect what is not visible. In fact, at this point, software and AI may be inferior to humans. In such instances, there arises a need for image processing as a preprocessing step.

Instead of directly streaming raw acquired images to the inspection software, it is preferable to apply image processing as a preprocessing step before streaming the processed images to the inspection software. While this may increase tact time (inspection time), it is an effective method when detection without preprocessing is challenging.

● Types of Image Processing

Image processing includes various techniques such as binarization, contrast correction, brightness correction, color correction, color limitation, smoothing, edge enhancement, contour enhancement, noise reduction, sharpening, and, in a broader sense, resizing, measurement, line generation, and more.

● How is Image Processing Performed?

Typically, static images are saved, and image processing is carried out using an image processing unit.

● Can Image Processing be Done in Live View (Real-Time)?

The answer is yes. If the microscope’s display software has image processing options in the view function, you can perform image processing in real-time during live view and then save the static image. However, such capabilities are often found in high-end microscopes, requiring a substantial investment.

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHECKING VISUALITY WITH A MICROSCOPE

Many of the examinations performed using a microscope on the inspection line are extremely tiring and place a significant burden on the examiner. Therefore, many people are thinking about replacing it with a small microscope. However, there are many types of microscopes and if you don’t choose the best one, you may be creating an unnecessary burden on yourself.
There are three points to keep in mind when replacing a microscope with a mini microscope:

THREE IMPORTANT POINTS FOR REPLACEMENT

① CHOOSE A MODEL WITH A HIGH FRAME RATE

The microscope displays images on a PC or monitor.
If the frame rate is low, the projected image will not move smoothly, causing additional tension.
Frame rate is expressed as a number, but the number that makes people feel uncomfortable is around 50 to 60 fps.
When the speed drops below 30fps, the feeling of discomfort becomes noticeable.
PC-connectable models often have low frame rates due to USB communication speed issues.
Therefore, we recommend that you choose the screen direct connection type.

②Choose a model with good color reproduction

The appearance will vary depending on the camera used for the microscope.
For this reason, there are some items with good color reproduction and others with not so good.
If the colors don’t look good, the human brain will feel uncomfortable and this will lead to stress.
Even if a red object looks slightly orange, it can make you feel uncomfortable and stressed.
If you choose a camera with full resolution, the color reproduction is relatively high, so you can get clear images.

③SELECT A MODEL WITH WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE

I don’t think you’ve heard the term dynamic range often.
Briefly explained, when you illuminate a bright object and a dark object at the same time, if you adjust the brightness of one object, the other object may appear blown out or dim.
To eliminate this phenomenon, a camera with a wide dynamic range is needed.
Dynamic range is a state that a camera has but it also varies depending on the camera.
Compared to conventional cameras, the human eye is very good and has a very wide dynamic range.
The main reason why things look different to the human eye and through a camera is often due to differences in dynamic range.
There are models that emphasize wide dynamic range, so I think it’s best to choose one of those.

THE RECOMMENDED MODEL IS:

We also have car models that meet all 3 points above.
Full high definition microscope
Frame rate = 60fps
Color reproduction = Very clear resolution thanks to full high definition resolution
Dynamic range: Wide with HDR function (high dynamic range)
We also have demo machines, welcome to try them out.

There may be instances where the captured images cannot be printed with the desired color reproducibility.

When the resolution of the captured images is sufficient, the printer’s performance may be influencing the outcome.

＜USING GENUINE PAPER＞

Using genuine paper from the printer manufacturer or paper closely resembling to them.

＜USING A 6-COLOR TYPE (OR MORE)＞

Color printers cannot reproduce colors lighter than the set ink colors. Equipping the printer with lighter colors such as light cyan, light magenta, gray, etc., allows for subtle adjustments in color variations. While standard printers often have 4 colors, it is advisable to use 6 colors (or more) when printing images.

＜USING A HIGH QUALITY PRINTER TO PRINT PHOTOS＞

If you use a high-quality photo printer like the one below, the quality of your printed images will be improved.

 

Surges, stemming from various factors, refer to abnormal voltages and the resulting abnormal currents.

Causes include “lightning surges” induced by lightning and “switching surges” resulting from the ON/OFF of the power supply.

Concerning “lightning surges,” power companies and communication providers implement diverse countermeasures, and specific surge-protective devices, such as surge tables, are available for purchase.

 

 

“Switching surges” pertain to surges occurring during circuit opening and closing. Caution is advised when large-capacity motors, generators, high-voltage circuits, solenoids, etc., are connected to the same power line.

I

f power supply circuits frequently experience damage, abnormal operations occur, or similar issues arise, surge protection may be necessary. Separating power lines can be a straightforward solution, and various surge protection devices are also available for purchase.

Combining a step-down ring with Nikon’s telephoto lens (f = 300mm), attach an M26 microscope objective lens to the end.

 

 

Achieving imagery and observing a clear visual representation, the lens-side distance adjustment dial operates at a fine-tuning level.

 

Projecting a glass scale with a 0.2mm pitch, the horizontal field of view is 0.4mm, allowing for a magnification of approximately 800 to 1000 times.

 

 

It is worth noting that this method is applicable even with standard lenses (approximately f = 50mm). While the magnification decreases, it is adequately accommodated with ring illumination.

 

The focal length is around 40mm, shorter than that of a dedicated microscope.

The method to connect SLR lenses to camera C for long-distance and magnified photography involves the relatively straightforward application of a C-mount to F-mount adapter.

 

 

Utilize the aforementioned adapter with Nikon’s telephoto lens (f =300mm) and connect it to DN3V-130.

 

 

The minimum distance is approximately 3 meters.

Observe the distant view at 3 meters, as depicted in the image below: 60mm×45mm.

 

The method to connect SLR lenses to camera C for long-distance and magnified photography involves the relatively straightforward application of a C-mount to F-mount adapter.

 

 

Utilize the aforementioned adapter with Nikon’s telephoto lens (f =300mm) and connect it to DN3V-130.

 

 

The minimum distance is approximately 3 meters.

Observe the distant view at 3 meters, as depicted in the image below: 60mm×45mm.

 

3D arm is convenient for observation with digital microscope.

 

3D arm of microscope

 

＜Image＞

Take photos right next to the microscope

 

Take photos directly from the front

 

 

 

Therefore, even when observing at the same magnification, the same vertical calibration value cannot be used. When measuring by oblique observation, it is necessary to correct for such conditions.

 

Summary

 

For accurate measurements by oblique observation, calibration must be performed with the microscope tilted at a 45 degree. However, if you are tilting two axes (tilting not only left and right but also toward you), you need to consider both axes when calibrating.

For details on the “3D arm” and “measuring software” used in this measurement, please see below pictures.

 

3D arm for microscope TG-3D3

 

High-performance image processing measurement software MFship

Utilizing transmitted illumination to observe burrs and foreign objects within apertures.

We often receive requests to inspect burrs and foreign objects inside holes using transmitted illumination.

When the target object has a certain “thickness,” a bit of technique is required.

We conducted an examination by creating a hole with a diameter of φ5mm in a 12mm-thick aluminum plate and capturing images.

 

 

 

The upper, middle, and bottom surfaces in the above image have foreign objects adhered to them.

 

 

 

To detect all of these, the use of a lens with aperture control is necessary.

 

 

 

 

 

 

■ When using an open-aperture lens

Observing the top surface with the lens opened and focused yields the following results.

 

 

＊The top is visible but appears slender, while the bottom is in a highly indistinct state.

 

■When employing a macro lens with aperture control…

 

Capture the image with the aperture narrowed as much as possible.
　 (Compensate for the resulting darkness with additional illumination, and keep the camera gain around 90% rather than at its maximum.)

 

＊Both the top (surface) and middle (interior) as well as the bottom (near the base) can be adequately observed.

 

 

• In conclusion,

To observe burrs and foreign objects within the hole, it is essential not only to use transmitted illumination but also a lens with aperture control that can deepen the depth of field.

Many microscopes on the market have a size measurement function. However, some types are still difficult to use. When using the measuring function, a microscope can be said to be suitable for measuring dimensions if it has the following two characteristics:

(1) Zoom lens.

(2) Latching function.

Below we will introduce each characteristics in detail.

(1) Zoom lens:

There are two types of lenses that can continuously change magnification:

• “Variable magnification lenses” are not suitable for measuring because the focal length changes significantly when magnification is changed.
• “Zoom lens” are suitable for measuring because the focal length remains almost the same even when magnification is changed.

（Maximum magnifiaction）		（Minimum magnifiaction）

<Suitable for measurement> Zoom lenses (except our SG series)

（Maximum magnifiaction）		(Minimum magnification)

(2) Latching function:

When measuring dimensions, the ability to reproduce conditions is important. If the optical magnification (scale) is marked on the lens and each scale has a latching function, inter-operator variation is eliminated and reproducibility is maintained.

 

<Not suitable for measurement> Products without latching function

 

Low-cost microscope series (sG series)		Low magnification microscope (LRS series) High magnification microscope (LRA series)

 

<Suitable for measurement> All other product lines have latching function.

 

(Note) If you want to measure with a low magnification microscope as mentioned, our “low magnification microscope” (LRS series) is not suitable for size measurement (Because reproducibility cannot be achieved). Although the magnification cannot be lowered with the LRS series, if you attach the “0.5x auxiliary lens” to the TG series, it can be used as a low magnification microscope for reproduction.

 

TG series		Auxiliary lens on 0.5X
	＋
Microscope TG500CS		Auxiliary lens on 0.5X

Although the TG series could not achieve as low magnification as the LRS series, it can maintain a field of view as wide with two dimes and perform highly reproducible measurements.

 

 

 

We occasionally receive requests expressing the desire to increase magnification with an extended working distance.

Typically, increasing magnification results in a shorter focal length.

Allow me to present options classified under the category of long-range types.

 

■ Long-Range (Extended Working Distance) Microscope (LRA Series)

 

Our extended working distance microscope not only incorporates a 10x zoom function but also achieves an extended working distance seamlessly.

The focal length can be adjusted freely within the range of 200 mm to 400 mm.

 

 

(1) The field of view at maximum magnification when the focal length is set to 250 mm.

 

In the horizontal direction, it measures 6.7 mm, equivalent to an approximate magnification of 70 times.

 

 

High-performance Long-distance High-Definition Microscope (Stand type) LRA200XM-S

 

 

(2) Resolution at Maximum Magnification with a Focal Length Set to 250 mm

 

The resolution, as reflected by a glass scale used for resolution checks, is as follows.

 

 

(3) Advantages and Disadvantages

 

While the presence of a 10x zoom function and the ability to vary magnification at the same distance represent significant advantages, there is a slight reduction in resolution.

The field of view at maximum magnification with a focal length set to 250mm→400mm is as follows.

 

 

 

■ ƒ=75mm Fixed-Focus Lens Application

 

By adding a 2x rear converter and a 15mm close-up ring to a 75mm telephoto lens, it can serve as an alternative to the Long-Working Distance Microscope (LRA series).

 

 

(1) Field of View when the focal length is set to 250mm

Without a zoom function, once the focal length is decided, the magnification is determined. The horizontal field of view is 8mm, resulting in approximately 60x magnification.

 

 

 

(2) Resolution at maximum magnification when the focal length is set to 250mm

 

When projecting a glass scale for resolution checks, it appears as follows.

 

 

 

(3) Pros and Cons

 

While the focal length can be adjusted, once determined, it fixes the magnification as well. Without a zoom function, the lens has fewer elements, resulting in a brighter image and higher resolution compared to the aforementioned Long-Working Distance Microscope (LRA series).

In a direct comparison at maximum magnification, it slightly falls short compared to the Long-Working Distance Microscope (LRA series). The price is lower due to the absence of a zoom function.

When the focal length is set to 250mm→400mm, the field of view is as follows.

 

 

 

■ High-Resolution, High-Magnification Zoom Lens

 

There are specialized lenses with high resolution, high magnification, and zoom functionality available through our products. For more details, please inquire.

It is capable of achieving 420x magnification at a focal length of 200mm.

 

Introducing Approaches to Achieve High Magnification Levels Beyond 200x with a Focal Length of Over 100mm.

 

Fixed Magnification Macro Lenses

 

 

 

 

 High Magnification Zoom Lenses

 

・Our NSH lenses feature specialized objectives, providing 2x or 5x.

 

 

Option: 2X Objective Lens QM Plan Apo L2 (2X)   Option: 5X Objective Lens QM Plan Apo HL (5X)

 

Magnification, constituting high-magnification, high-resolution zoom lenses.

 

This is an exceptionally unique lens.
Achieving high magnification and long working distances while ensuring elevated resolution.

 

 

 

 

f=100mm yields 900x magnification

f=200mm provides 420x magnification

実体顕微鏡とマイクロスコープにはそれぞれ、メリット、デメリットがあります。
それぞれの特徴を理解して使い分ける必要があります。

 

本来、実体顕微鏡も英語で表記すれば、マイクロスコープとなります。
業界によっては、顕微鏡をマイクロスコープと呼ぶ場合もありますが、今回は単眼のデジタルマイクロスコープをマイクロスコープとしてご説明します。

 

目次

1. 特徴の違い

2. 倍率の違い

3. 主な用途の違い

 

 

 

1. 特徴の違い

・実体顕微鏡の特徴

大きな違いは、実体顕微鏡は２光路設計になっていることです。
右と左で独立した光路となります。

 

 

右と左で視野も異なります。
下記のコインを立てて、実体顕微鏡で観察すると

 

 

 

この異なった視野を観察者が一つの映像として観察します。
人間の目が2つあるのと同じです。

 

これによるメリットは、対象物が立体的に見えます。
遠近感もわかるので、加工作業をされる方は実体顕微鏡が必要です。
デメリットとして、使う時に少しコツが必要です。
（初めて使う方は、映像が1つにならず、戸惑うと思います。）

 

3眼式の実体顕微鏡の場合、カメラポートは左右どちらかの映像となります。
（映像も斜視となります。）

 

デメリットとしては、高倍率の観察ができません。
（製造時に左右の微妙な調整が必要な為です。）
倍率は比較的低倍率となります。ズーム比もそれ程大きくありません。
汎用的なもので、10～50倍程度、高倍率タイプでも100倍程度が実体顕微鏡の限界となります。

 

また、長時間の作業では作業者のストレスが大きくなります。
目幅調整、視度調整　等、観察者個人ごとの調整が必要です。

 

左右で視野が異なるので、正確な位置決め、2次元の寸法測定には不向きです。
上記の用途で顕微鏡を使う場合は、単眼顕微鏡を使います。

 

 

 

・マイクロスコープの特徴

基本的には単眼レンズとなります。

 

 

人間が片目で物を視る時と同じで、遠近感はわかりにくいという欠点があります。
上記のコインであれば、レンズ中心部では下記のように見えます。

 

 

豊富なレンズから選べるので、低倍率から高倍率（2000倍超えまで）まで対応できます。
また、モニタ観察になるので、初めての方でも簡単に観察でき、疲れにくく、長時間の観察（検査）に向いています。

 

真上からの観察（直視）なので、位置決めや寸法測定にも向いています。
PCとの親和性もよく、映像の保存・画像処理・焦点合成　等 様々なソフトウエアが使えます。

 

 

 

 

2. 倍率の違い

実体顕微鏡とマイクロスコープの倍率は単純に比較ができません。
実体顕微鏡は目で確認するのに対して、マイクロスコープはモニタで観察します。

その時にモニタ倍率を含んでしまいます。

 

倍率での単純比較はできませんが、観察視野で比較すると単純な比較ができます。

 

例えば、
顕微鏡の観察視野は視野数で計算します。
視野数20の顕微鏡の場合、10倍時に直径20ｍｍの視野になります。

 

上記の実態顕微鏡と同じ視野を観察したい場合、下記のマイクロスコープであれば20倍になります。

（実体顕微鏡では10倍になります。）

 

また、マイクロスコープの場合は、モニタサイズで変わってしまいます。

詳細は、下記の記事をご覧ください。

 

マイクロスコープの倍率と顕微鏡の倍率の違い

 

 

 

 

 

3. 主な用途の違い

・実体顕微鏡向きの用途
　取付け、加工、立体物の検査・観察　等

 

・マイクロスコープ向きの用途
　外観検査、正確な位置決め（芯出し　等）、凹凸の無い寸法測定　等

 

 

 

4. 松電舎のマイクロスコープ

松電舎ではお客様の用途に合わせ、USBマイクロスコープ、4Kマイクロスコープ、ハイビジョンマイクロスコープなどを取り揃えております。用途、倍率、接続方式などに合わせ、各種お選びいただけます。

 

	USBマイクロスコープ
	4Kマイクロスコープ
	ハイビジョンマイクロスコープ